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Types of Anchor Bolts


Mike Steiber, senior product manager of mechanical anchor systems, Simpson Strong- Tie, Pleasanton, Calif., claims the most common type of concrete anchor systems are cast-in-placeJ-bolts. “[They] allow an anchor to be installed after the concrete has cured and allows more flexibility in the anchor location. It is difficult to determine the correct location of cast-in-place anchors. That is the benefit of post-installed anchors, the location of the attachment can be determined after the frame has been erected. Often, the location of the anchor bolt can shift while the concrete is being poured, or can be difficult to maintain its location. A good solution is using post-installed anchors.”

 

Newman believes in the past, L- or J-shaped anchor bolts were the most common types but that the preferred anchor bolt today is a headed anchor, made of either fully or partially threaded steel rod with at least one heavy hex nut placed at the top and bottom. “Headed anchors work best for supporting primary frames in metal building systems, which typically exert substantial horizontal and uplift forces on their foundations. L- and J-bolts may still be used in less demanding applications.

 

The building codes still allow the use of L- and J-bolts for column anchorage. However, these types of bolts have been shown to be problematic under high uplift loading, as might occur during a strong windstorm. The American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) recommends in their manual that L- and J-bolts not be used ‘when calculated tension exists’.”

 

Portland, Ore.-based Portland Bolt & Manufacturing is a specialty manufacturer able to make almost any size/grade/configuration of anchor bolt. “The most common types are bent anchors, headed anchors, and anchor rods with a nut on both ends,” says Dane McKinnon, QA manager at Portland Bolt & Manufacturing.

 

“For smaller diameters, the headed and bent anchors are the most common, but as the diameter increases, the feasibility of bending and heading becomes less, so thread each end rods become more popular. Additionally, the bent and headed types are more common in lower steel grades, whereas high-strength material is more commonlymanufactured as thread each end rods.”